Similar symptoms can be observed in both adults and children.
If symptoms are present, they may emerge gradually and resemble those of type 1 diabetes, which typically progresses faster and is more common in younger individuals.
Who is more likely to get type 2 diabetes
Certain individuals have a higher susceptibility to type 2 diabetes if they:
- Are white and above 40 years old
- Are over 25 years old and belong to a South Asian, Chinese, Black African, or Black Caribbean background
- Have a family history of the condition
- Are overweight and sedentary
- Have underlying conditions like high blood pressure
Although type 2 diabetes is less common in children, factors such as ethnic background, weight, physical activity, and family history can heighten the risk.
Non-urgent advice: See a GP if:
- If you suspect you have type 2 diabetes
- You or your child may be at risk
- You have a family history of diabetes
- You are overweight or obese
Testing is essential as not everyone displays symptoms. Early detection and management of diabetes can help prevent complications and improve quality of life.
Check your risk
- Utilize Diabetes UK’s Know Your Risk tool
- Undergo a free NHS health check if you’re between 40-74 years old
- Make healthy lifestyle choices, such as maintaining a balanced diet and regular exercise
- Monitor your blood sugar levels regularly if you are at risk for diabetes
This assessment identifies health risks such as diabetes and empowers individuals to take control of their health through proactive measures.
How type 2 diabetes is diagnosed
A blood test to assess glucose levels is used to diagnose type 2 diabetes.
These tests differentiate between type 1 and type 2 diabetes.
If you’re told you have type 2 diabetes
Receiving a diagnosis of type 2 diabetes can be overwhelming, but healthcare professionals offer guidance and address treatment queries.
If you’re diagnosed with prediabetes
Prediabetes indicates elevated blood sugar levels, posing a higher risk for diabetes.
Implementing lifestyle changes can help prevent the onset of type 2 diabetes.
Some strategies to manage prediabetes include:
- Eating a healthy diet rich in fruits, vegetables, whole grains, and lean proteins
- Exercising regularly, aiming for at least 30 minutes of physical activity most days of the week
- Maintaining a healthy weight or aiming to lose weight if overweight
- Monitoring blood sugar levels regularly and following up with healthcare providers
- Taking prescribed medications, if recommended by healthcare providers
Find out more
Education courses are available to learn about type 2 diabetes and receive support. These courses offer valuable information on managing the condition, making healthy lifestyle choices, and connecting with others who are also living with type 2 diabetes. The courses are taught by healthcare professionals and provide a supportive environment for learning and sharing experiences. If you or a loved one have been diagnosed with type 2 diabetes, consider enrolling in an education course to gain the knowledge and skills needed to effectively manage the condition and improve overall health.
More in Type 2 diabetes
Page last evaluated: 10 February 2025
Next review scheduled for: 10 February 2028
Prediabetes signifies elevated blood sugar levels insufficient for a type 2 diabetes diagnosis.
Early detection aids in preventing or delaying the onset of type 2 diabetes.
Diagnosing prediabetes
Achieving a reduction in risks and delay of type 2 diabetes is feasible.
Elevated HbA1c levels indicate an increased risk of type 2 diabetes.
Prediabetes symptoms
Prediabetes is asymptomatic; symptoms indicate type 2 diabetes.
Understanding risk factors and available support is critical.
- Excessive urination, particularly at night
- Unexplained weight loss
- Excessive thirst
- Genital itching or thrush
- Blurry vision
- Excessive fatigue
- Slow healing of wounds
Causes of prediabetes
Millions in the UK face an increased risk of type 2 diabetes. Early detection and support can prevent or delay its onset.
Understanding risk factors is crucial. Testing for diabetes is highly recommended.
- Risk factors encompass age, genetics, ethnicity, and lifestyle
- Children and adolescents are at a growing risk
Complete the Know Your Risk assessment to evaluate your risk.
Consider enrolling in prevention programs and scheduling regular health assessments.
Preventing type 2 diabetes
Adopting lifestyle adjustments like diet and exercise can halve the risk of type 2 diabetes. Initiate healthy changes today.
Being at risk does not guarantee type 2 diabetes; take measures to reduce your risk.
Consult healthcare professionals for support and consider joining support groups for assistance.
Maintain a healthy weight, remain physically active, and uphold a balanced lifestyle to mitigate the risk of type 2 diabetes.
If you are frequently getting sick, it could be making your prediabetes worse. High blood sugar weakens your immune system, leading to more infections and even higher blood sugar levels. If you are dealing with frequent infections, it may be a sign that your blood sugar levels are not under control. Talk to a healthcare provider to address these issues early on and prevent the development of type 2 diabetes.
10. Irritability and Mood Changes
Don’t ignore irritability and changes in mood – they could be signaling something more serious, like prediabetes. Fluctuations in blood sugar levels can lead to irritability, fatigue, anxiety, and nervousness. Stress from managing prediabetes can also impact your mood and emotional well-being. Pay attention to these signs as they can be early indicators of prediabetes. Consult a healthcare provider to find ways to manage your blood sugar levels through diet, exercise, and lifestyle changes.
Changes in mood may start subtly in prediabetes but can become more noticeable over time. Recognize them as warning signs of a larger issue with blood sugar control. Seeking help early can make a big difference in managing your prediabetes and preventing type 2 diabetes.
What to Do If You Notice These Signs
Preventing type 2 diabetes by managing prediabetes begins with recognizing the early warning signs such as increased thirst, frequent urination, and fatigue. Lifestyle changes, including diet adjustments, regular exercise, weight management, and monitoring blood sugar levels, can all play a role in managing prediabetes. Early detection is key, so be proactive about your health by taking the Prediabetic Risk Assessment and scheduling regular check-ups with your healthcare provider.